Buddha beads, also known as "prayer beads" or "counting beads," are used by practitioners to help count their recitations while chanting. By moving one bead at a time, it aids in focusing the mind and eliminating distractions. Additionally, Buddha beads serve as a reminder for practitioners to constantly remember and uphold the teachings of Buddhism. For non-practitioners, wearing Buddha beads is considered a way to seek blessings and protection. Many believe that wearing Buddha beads can bring peace and help to ward off misfortunes.

**Holding Beads** Holding beads refer to the beads that are held in hand for the purpose of counting while reciting prayers. The aim of holding beads is to help practitioners focus their minds, eliminate distractions, and enhance their practice. Common counts for holding beads include 108, 21, and 18 beads. **Wrist Beads** Wrist beads are worn on the wrist and can be taken off for use when reciting prayers. The purpose of wrist beads is to seek peace, ward off misfortunes, or express sincere faith in the teachings of Buddhism. Common counts for wrist beads include 18, 14, and 8 beads. **Neck Beads** Neck beads are usually larger and worn around the neck, typically by monks or practitioners. The purpose of neck beads is to express respect for the teachings of Buddhism and to offer devotion. Common counts for neck beads include 108, 64, and 32 beads.

### The Significance of the Number of Beads in Prayer Beads - **1080 Beads**: Represents the 108 types of afflictions in the ten directions of the world. - **108 Beads**: Symbolizes the elimination of 36 afflictions from each lifetime, plus a total of 108 afflictions across the past, present, and future three lifetimes. This is the most common choice for practitioners. - **54 Beads**: Represents the 54 stages of Bodhisattva practice, including the Ten Faiths, Ten Abidings, Ten Conducts, Ten Dedications, Ten Grounds, and the Four Roots of Goodness. - **42 Beads**: Contains 42 stages, including the Ten Abidings, Ten Conducts, Ten Dedications, Ten Grounds, the Equal Enlightenment, and the Wonderful Enlightenment, which are important steps in the Bodhisattva's practice. - **36 Beads**: A portable option that divides the 108 beads into one-third, with the same merits as the 108 beads. Carrying 36 beads allows for convenient practice anytime and anywhere. - **27 Beads**: Represents the 27 positions of the wise, including the eighteen with learning and nine without learning. - **21 Beads**: Symbolizes the Ten Grounds, Ten Perfections, and the Buddha's fruit, representing the stages of achievement in Bodhisattva practice. - **18 Beads**: Represents the Eighteen Realms, which include the six sense organs, six sense objects, and six consciousnesses. - **14 Beads**: Represents the 14 types of fearlessness associated with Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva. - **12 Beads**: Symbolizes the Twelve Causes and Conditions, which is a theory in Buddhism that explains the cycle of birth and death, causality, and relationships.

### Materials of Prayer Beads #### Wooden Prayer Beads Wooden prayer beads are one of the most common types of prayer beads, made from various types of wood. The characteristics of wooden beads include "natural grain, warmth, and a comfortable touch" as well as "pleasant fragrance that helps to relax." Common types of wood used include: - **Agarwood:** Known as a precious wood, agarwood has a unique, elegant, and rich fragrance that varies slightly depending on the region from which it originates. - **Sandalwood:** Another valuable type of wood, sandalwood has a more refined and fresh scent, which also varies by region. #### Stone Prayer Beads (Jade and Crystal) Stone prayer beads are made from various types of stones and are also a common material for prayer beads. The characteristics of stone beads include "hard texture, smooth and warm feel," as well as "rich colors and diverse patterns." Common types of stone include: - **Agate:** A type of chalcedony (mineral) that comes in various colors, including red, white, and black. - **Amber:** A fossilized tree resin that can be found in colors such as yellow, reddish-brown, and dark brown. - **Crystal:** A type of quartz crystal (natural mineral) known for its transparency and colorlessness. - **Tourmaline:** A gemstone that comes in a variety of colors, including green, brown, red, pink, yellow, blue, and black, and can exhibit up to 170 different colors from these seven main hues. #### Nut-Based Prayer Beads Nut-based prayer beads are made from the seeds of nut-bearing plants. The characteristics of nut beads include "lightweight texture" and "natural, rustic elegance." Common types of nuts used include: - **Bodhi Seeds:** The fruit of the Bodhi tree, typically available in two types: one retains the irregular shape of the seed, while the other is processed to achieve a smooth, polished appearance. - **Olive Pits:** The pit of the olive fruit, usually brown in color, often processed to create carved shapes or a polished finish. - **Lotus Seeds:** Symbolizing purity and rising above adversity, lotus seed prayer beads are commonly found in brown and black colors, and like the others, they may be processed for carved designs or a smooth, polished look.

### How to Choose Prayer Beads When selecting prayer beads, consider their purpose, material, bead size, and quantity, while prioritizing comfort and a smooth feel. You can also choose materials with special significance, such as sandalwood or agarwood, to help calm the mind and cultivate positive thoughts. 1. **Determine the Purpose of the Prayer Beads** - **Counting Beads for Recitation:** These beads typically have a larger number of beads and are suitable for counting mantras. They are generally used during recitation or meditation. - **Wrist-Worn Beads:** These beads are smaller in size and can vary in quantity, ideally wrapping comfortably around the wrist. They are mainly used for daily wear. - **Hanging Beads:** Usually consist of 108 beads, suitable for hanging around the neck or wearing during ceremonies. 2. **Choose the Right Material** - Material selection can depend on personal preference or budget. - **Wooden Beads:** Such as agarwood and sandalwood, which have a refined fragrance and can help stabilize the mind. - **Hardwood Beads:** Such as ebony and rosewood, which are durable and suitable for long-term use. - **Jade and Amber Beads:** Generally more expensive but add a sense of nobility. - **Other Materials:** Such as Bodhi seeds and olive pits, each with unique aesthetics and meanings. 3. **Select the Appropriate Bead Size and Quantity** - **Size:** Measured in diameter (millimeters), men can choose beads larger than 12 mm, while women may prefer beads smaller than 15 mm. Generally, larger beads have a more substantial presence, while smaller beads are more delicate and lightweight. - **Quantity:** The number of beads for wrist-worn beads is flexible, ideally wrapping comfortably around the wrist. Hanging beads commonly have 108 beads, symbolizing a complete cycle and representing various life experiences. 4. **Consider the Feel and Comfort** - Personally try the prayer beads to feel their texture and ensure they are smooth and easy to handle, aligning with your personal habits. - For wrist-worn beads, after wrapping around the wrist, add an extra 1.5 to 2 cm for added comfort. 5. **Personal Preference and Aesthetic Appeal** - Choosing a string of prayer beads that resonates with you is essential. - When you see the beads and feel joy, it helps to cultivate positive thoughts and a sincere heart for recitation, making it the most suitable choice for you. - The color and material should harmonize, and the overall style should reflect your personal taste, whether elegant or vibrant.

### Which Hand Should You Wear Prayer Beads On? In Buddhist theory, there are no strict rules regarding whether to wear prayer beads on the left or right hand, so it is acceptable to wear them on either hand. However, in Buddhist culture, the left hand is generally considered the "auspicious hand," symbolizing compassion and kindness. Therefore, many Buddhists or Chinese individuals tend to wear prayer beads on their left wrist.

### What Are the Taboos Regarding Prayer Beads? Prayer beads are tools for spiritual practice and should be treated with respect and reverence for the teachings of Buddhism. Therefore, when wearing prayer beads, one should pay attention to the following taboos: - Keep the prayer beads clean and avoid contact with impurities.

### Can You Wear Prayer Beads While Sleeping? When Should You Take Them Off? Generally speaking, if a person is accustomed to wearing prayer beads while sleeping, it is fine to continue wearing them during sleep. However, if there are concerns about damaging or soiling the beads, it is advisable to take them off and place them in a clean location. However, when showering or swimming, it is recommended to remove wooden or nut-based prayer beads to prevent them from getting wet and becoming damp. Additionally, during vigorous exercise or labor, it is also a good idea to temporarily take off the beads to avoid damage or loss.

### How to Maintain Prayer Beads #### Wooden and Nut-Based Prayer Beads - Avoid friction with hard objects to prevent damage to the surface texture. - Avoid using damp or rough cloths for wiping. - If the prayer beads get wet, immediately dry them with a dry cloth. - Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight to prevent deterioration and fading. - Avoid placing them in overly humid environments to prevent warping or cracking. #### Jade Prayer Beads - Avoid impacts with hard objects to prevent scratches or cracks. - Regularly wipe with a slightly damp cloth or wash with clean water to hydrate and maintain the luster of the beads.

### Maintenance of Prayer Beads Prayer beads (also known as Buddhist beads or mala beads) are tools used for religious practice and meditation, typically made from wood, stone, seeds, or other materials. To maintain the beauty of prayer beads and extend their lifespan, here are some maintenance suggestions: ### 1. Cleaning - **Regular Cleaning**: After using the beads for a period, they may accumulate sweat, oils, and dust. Gently wipe them with a soft, dry cloth to keep them clean. - **Avoid Water Washing**: For wooden prayer beads, try to avoid washing them directly with water, as this can cause the wood to absorb moisture, swell, or warp. If cleaning is necessary, use a slightly damp cloth to gently wipe them. ### 2. Storage - **Avoid Direct Sunlight**: Store the prayer beads in a cool, dry place, avoiding direct sunlight to prevent fading or cracking of the material. - **Moisture Prevention**: Keep the storage area dry to avoid dampness, which can lead to mold, especially for wooden beads. ### 3. Usage - **Handle with Care**: When using the prayer beads, handle them gently to avoid collisions and drops that could cause damage. - **Dedicated Use**: If possible, prepare different sets of beads for different purposes, such as for chanting or meditation, to avoid mixing their uses. ### 4. Material Care - **Wooden Beads**: Periodically wipe them with a small amount of plant oil (such as olive oil) to maintain the wood's luster and prevent cracking. - **Stone Beads**: Avoid collisions with hard objects to prevent scratching the surface. Wipe with a dry cloth to maintain shine. - **Seed Beads**: For seed beads like Bodhi seeds, avoid soaking them in water for long periods. Keep them dry and regularly wipe them with a dry cloth. ### 5. Regular Inspection - **Check the Knots**: Regularly inspect the knots of the prayer beads to ensure they are secure. Repair them if necessary to prevent beads from falling off. - **Observe Wear and Tear**: Pay attention to the wear on the beads. If you notice any beads that are damaged or deformed, replace them promptly. ### 6. Mindset and Ritual - **Maintain a Devout Attitude**: When using the prayer beads, keep a sincere mindset. Regularly cleaning and maintaining them is not only a sign of respect for the beads but also reflects the importance of your own practice.

### Maintenance of Tea Utensils Proper maintenance of tea utensils is essential for preserving their beauty and extending their lifespan. Here are some maintenance tips suitable for different types of tea utensils: ### 1. Ceramic Tea Utensils - **Cleaning**: Use warm water and a soft cloth for cleaning. Avoid using abrasive materials like steel wool to prevent scratching the surface. - **Avoid Sudden Temperature Changes**: Prevent sudden temperature changes during use to avoid cracking. - **Storage**: Avoid heavy pressure when storing. It’s best to wrap them in a tea towel to prevent collisions. ### 2. Yixing Clay Tea Utensils - **Cleaning**: Rinse with clean water and avoid using dishwashing detergent, as it may affect the taste of the tea. You can rinse with tea water. - **Drying**: Allow to air dry naturally after washing, avoiding direct sunlight. - **Usage**: It’s best to use a specific type of tea in Yixing teapots to allow the pot to absorb the tea aroma, creating a unique "pot flavor." ### 3. Glass Tea Utensils - **Cleaning**: You can use warm water and dishwashing detergent for cleaning, avoiding steel wool. - **Avoid High Temperatures**: Glass tea utensils should not be placed directly over a flame to avoid breakage from high temperatures. - **Storage**: Avoid heavy pressure when storing to prevent breakage. ### 4. Stainless Steel Tea Utensils - **Cleaning**: You can clean with dishwashing detergent and a soft cloth, avoiding strong acidic or alkaline cleaners. - **Rust Prevention**: Regularly check for rust; if found, you can wipe it with cooking oil to prevent further rusting. - **Storage**: Keep dry and avoid humid environments. ### 5. Wooden Tea Utensils - **Cleaning**: Gently wipe with a damp cloth, avoiding soaking in water to prevent warping of the wood. - **Maintenance**: Regularly wipe with cooking oil to maintain the wood's luster and water resistance. - **Storage**: Avoid direct sunlight and humid environments. ### 6. General Maintenance Tips - **Regular Cleaning**: Regardless of the material, regular cleaning is necessary to prevent tea stains from accumulating. - **Avoid Chemical Cleaners**: Try to avoid using strong chemical cleaners to prevent damage to the utensils. - **Temperature Awareness**: Be mindful of temperature changes during use to avoid breakage due to thermal shock. - **Regular Inspection**: Periodically check the condition of the utensils and address minor issues promptly to prevent larger problems.

### How to Store Tibetan Tea The key to storing Tibetan tea is to maintain a cool, dry, and well-ventilated environment, avoiding humidity, odors, and direct sunlight. It is important to prevent moisture, strange smells, and light exposure, and using airtight containers can slow down oxidation. Additionally, raw tea and ripe tea should be stored separately, and ventilation should be done at appropriate times, avoiding humid and hot weather. ### Environmental Requirements - **Cool and Dry**: Tibetan tea should be stored in a cool, dry place, avoiding direct sunlight, humidity, and high temperatures. - **Good Ventilation**: Keep the indoor environment well-ventilated and regularly change the air to prevent the tea from developing a musty smell. - **Avoid Light and Odors**: The storage environment for Tibetan tea should avoid contact with substances that have strong odors (such as paint or alcohol) to prevent the tea from absorbing these smells and affecting its quality. ### Container Selection - **Airtight Containers**: Use airtight containers such as metal tins, ceramic jars, or food-grade bags. Line the bags with food film and squeeze out the air to slow down oxidation. - **Specialized Boxes**: If you have a large quantity of tea, you can use food-grade cardboard boxes for sealed storage. - **Clay Jars**: Clay jars (such as Yixing jars) have capillary pores and are ideal for storing aged tea, allowing for slow oxygen exchange, which benefits the aging process of the tea. ### Daily Management - **Separate Raw and Ripe Tea**: Store raw tea and ripe tea separately to avoid flavor mingling. - **Cautious Ventilation**: After humid weather, if the weather is clear, the air is fresh, and humidity is below 65%, you can ventilate the storage to allow the tea to breathe. However, it is strictly prohibited to ventilate during rainy days, windy days, or when air pollution is present. - **Regular Inspection**: Regularly check the condition of the tea. If any signs of mold are found, take immediate action to address the issue.

### How to Drink Tibetan Tea Tibetan tea can be consumed through three methods: "boiling method," "brewing method," and "thermos method," with boiling being the best way to release its rich flavor. When boiling, use about 5-8 grams of tea leaves for 1200-1500 milliliters of water. First, bring the water to a boil, then add the tea leaves, and simmer on low heat for 2-3 minutes. After that, let it steep for 2-5 minutes before drinking. Tibetan tea can also be paired with ingredients like red dates, honey, and chrysanthemum, or made into iced tea or milk tea to enhance its flavor. ### Main Drinking Methods **Boiling Method:** This is the traditional way of drinking tea in the highlands. 1. Place the Tibetan tea in a pot, using about 5-8 grams of tea leaves for 1200-1500 milliliters of water. 2. Bring the water to a boil, then add the tea leaves. 3. Reduce to low heat and simmer for about 2-3 minutes. 4. Turn off the heat and let it steep for 2-5 minutes, then strain out the tea leaves before drinking. The brewed tea will have a bright red color and a rich flavor. **Brewing Method (Gaiwan or Yixing Teapot):** This method is suitable for those accustomed to traditional tea brewing. 1. Place the Tibetan tea in a gaiwan or teapot. 2. Pour boiling water over the tea to rinse it once, then discard the water. 3. Pour boiling water again and let it steep for about 1 minute, waiting for the tea to turn a rich red color before drinking. This method is suitable for a lighter tea. **Thermos Method:** This method is ideal for busy individuals who still want to enjoy tea. 1. Place an appropriate amount of tea leaves in a thermos, using a ratio of about 150:1 (tea:water). 2. Rinse the tea leaves with hot water 1-2 times. 3. Pour in hot water, close the thermos tightly, and let it steep for 30 minutes to several hours before drinking. ### Creative Variations **Flavored Tibetan Tea:** Add red dates and a little honey to the brewed Tibetan tea, or include ingredients like chrysanthemum and goji berries to enhance the flavor and health benefits. **Iced Tibetan Tea:** Allow the brewed Tibetan tea to cool, then refrigerate it, making it suitable for summer consumption. **Tibetan Milk Tea:** Prepare the tea according to traditional methods, then add milk and a pinch of salt to create a milk tea with a Western flavor. ### Drinking Recommendations Tibetan tea has the benefits of reducing fat, relieving greasiness, regulating the stomach, and aiding digestion, making it suitable for long-term consumption. Tibetan tea is durable; the remaining tea leaves can be brewed or boiled again. You can adjust the amount of tea leaves and steeping time according to personal preference to find the most suitable concentration and taste for yourself.